Step 1: Cook the Pasta - Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil and cook the penne according to the package directions until it is tender but still has a little bite. Before you drain it, I like to make sure the pasta is not too soft because it will get tossed in the hot sauce later. Drain the pasta and set it aside while you work on the chicken and sauce.
Step 2: Season the Chicken - Add the cubed chicken breasts to a large bowl, then sprinkle in the salt, pepper, paprika, Cajun seasoning, and red pepper flakes. Give everything a good stir until each piece of chicken is coated in those smoky spices. This step matters because you want the flavor on the chicken itself, not just floating around in the sauce later.
Step 3: Brown the Chicken - Heat the vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium high heat. Once the oil is hot, add the seasoned chicken in an even layer. Let it cook until the pieces are golden on the outside and fully cooked through. Try not to fuss with it too much at first, because letting the chicken sit against the hot pan helps it get that tasty golden color.
Step 4: Add the Corn and Garlic - Once the chicken is cooked, add the frozen sweet corn and minced garlic right into the skillet. Stir everything together and cook for about three to four minutes. The corn will warm through, the garlic will soften, and the skillet will start smelling like the kind of dinner that gets people asking when it is ready.
Step 5: Build the Creamy Cajun Sauce - Pour in the heavy cream and chicken broth, then stir everything together so the seasoned bits from the bottom of the skillet mix into the sauce. Bring it to a low simmer, not a wild boil. A gentle simmer helps the cream thicken slowly and keeps the sauce smooth.
Step 6: Melt in the Parmesan - Once the sauce is simmering, add the freshly grated parmesan cheese and stir until it melts into the cream. The sauce should start looking thick, glossy, and rich. If it feels a little too thick, add a small splash of chicken broth. If it feels too thin, let it simmer for another minute or two.
Step 7: Toss in the Pasta - Add the cooked penne to the skillet and toss until every piece is coated in that creamy Cajun parmesan sauce. This is the moment where everything comes together. The pasta soaks up a little sauce, the corn gets tucked into all the little spaces, and the chicken makes it hearty enough for a full dinner.
Step 8: Finish and Serve - Sprinkle fresh parsley over the top if you are using it, then serve the pasta warm. I like to bring the skillet right to the table, because there is something nice about everyone scooping out a big helping from the same pan. It feels homey, and this is definitely a homey kind of meal.