Step 1: Season the Beef - Add the sliced beef to a large bowl, then sprinkle it with the salt and pepper. Use your hands or a sturdy spoon to toss it around until the seasoning is spread over the strips. I like to do this before anything else because beef needs a little attention right at the start. It is just like teaching kids to tie their shoes. A little patience early makes everything go smoother later.
Step 2: Coat the Beef with Cornstarch - Sprinkle the first 2 tablespoons of cornstarch over the seasoned beef and toss until every strip has a light coating. This little step matters more than it looks like it should. The cornstarch helps the beef brown in the skillet and also helps the finished sauce cling to the meat. You do not want clumps here, just a light dusty coating.
Step 3: Sear the Beef - Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium high heat. Add the beef in batches so the pan does not get crowded. Let it sear for 1 to 2 minutes, just until lightly browned. You are not cooking it all the way through here. You are just building flavor. If you pile all the beef in at once, it will steam instead of brown, and we want that little bit of color.
Step 4: Add the Beef to the Slow Cooker - Transfer the seared beef to the slow cooker. Try to scrape in any tasty browned bits from the skillet too, because that is flavor you already paid for. Spread the beef out a bit so the sauce can work its way around it. This is where dinner starts to feel easy.
Step 5: Add the Vegetables - Add the red bell pepper, green bell pepper, and onion over the beef. If your family likes softer vegetables, add them now and let them cook the whole time. If you like your peppers with more bite, add them during the last 1 to 2 hours instead. I usually add them at the start because I like how they melt into the sauce, but both ways work.
Step 6: Whisk the Sauce - In a medium bowl, whisk together the soy sauce, beef broth, brown sugar, hoisin sauce, rice vinegar, sesame oil, minced garlic, ground ginger, and crushed red pepper flakes. Give it a good whisk until the brown sugar starts to dissolve. This sauce should smell bold, sweet, savory, and a little spicy. That is how you know you are heading in the right direction.
Step 7: Pour and Slow Cook - Pour the sauce evenly over the beef and vegetables. Cover the slow cooker and cook on low for 4 to 6 hours or on high for 2 to 3 hours, until the beef is tender. I prefer low when I have the time because the beef gets softer and the flavors settle in better. Still, high works just fine when dinner needs to happen sooner.
Step 8: Thicken the Sauce - In a small bowl, whisk the remaining 2 tablespoons cornstarch with 3 tablespoons water until smooth. Stir this slurry into the slow cooker gently so you do not break up the beef too much. Cover and cook on high for another 10 to 15 minutes. The sauce will thicken and turn glossy, which is exactly what you want.
Step 9: Finish with Peanuts and Garnish - Stir in the roasted peanuts right before serving so they keep some crunch. Sprinkle with sliced green onions and sesame seeds if you are using them. Serve warm over white rice or noodles, and make sure to spoon plenty of that sauce over the top. That sauce is the whole point, and nobody should miss out on it.