Step 1: Build the Vegetable Base - Add the diced onion, carrot chunks, halved mushrooms, and halved baby potatoes to the bottom of your slow cooker. I like putting the vegetables underneath the roast because they sit right in the cooking liquid and collect all those wonderful beef juices as everything cooks. Try to keep your potato and carrot pieces reasonably similar in size so they finish cooking at about the same time. There is no need to arrange everything neatly. This is one of those dinners where a good rough chop and a quick toss into the pot are exactly what you want.
Step 2: Add and Season the Beef - Place the beef chuck roast on top of the vegetables. You can leave the roast whole or cut it into a few large pieces if that fits your slow cooker better. Sprinkle the salt and black pepper evenly over the beef, then add the minced garlic and tomato paste. I like to spread the tomato paste over the top of the meat a little so it does not remain in one big spoonful. As the roast cooks, the garlic and tomato paste will work their way into the broth and help create that rich, dark gravy you want with pot roast.
Step 3: Pour in the Broth and Thyme - Pour the beef broth over and around the roast, then tuck a few sprigs of fresh thyme into the slow cooker. Do not worry if the broth does not completely cover the beef. A slow cooker traps moisture extremely well, and the roast itself will release additional juices as it cooks. The vegetables underneath also soften and contribute liquid. At this point, you should already have everything you need for that familiar pot roast smell that eventually starts drifting out of the kitchen and making everybody suddenly very interested in when dinner will be ready.
Step 4: Let the Slow Cooker Do the Work - Cover the slow cooker and cook on Low for about 7 hours or on High for about 4 hours. If you have the time, I prefer the Low setting because the longer gentle cooking gives the chuck roast plenty of time to become tender. Try not to keep lifting the lid to check on it. Every peek lets heat escape and can stretch out the cooking time. You can give everything a gentle stir around the halfway point if you want, but it is not necessary. I usually leave it alone and let the cooker earn its counter space.
Step 5: Check the Beef for Tenderness - When the cooking time is nearly finished, test the beef with a fork. You are looking for meat that gives easily and pulls apart without a fight. If you cooked it on High for 4 hours and the roast still feels firm, give it more time. Pot roast can be funny that way. A tough roast often does not mean it has cooked too long. It usually means the connective tissue has not had enough time to soften yet. Depending on the thickness of your roast and your particular slow cooker, another 30 to 60 minutes can make a big difference.
Step 6: Thicken the Gravy - In a small bowl, whisk the cornstarch with the cold water until completely smooth. Pour that mixture into the slow cooker and gently stir it into the cooking liquid. Try not to break up the potatoes too aggressively while you stir. Cover the slow cooker again and let everything cook for several more minutes, until the broth thickens into a glossy gravy that coats the beef and vegetables. This final little step is worth doing because it changes the liquid from a flavorful broth into the kind of sauce you want to drag a piece of potato through before taking a bite.
Step 7: Finish With Fresh Thyme and Serve - Taste the gravy and adjust the salt and black pepper if needed. Remove any woody thyme stems you can easily see, then sprinkle a little fresh thyme over the pot before serving. I like to break the beef into generous chunks rather than shredding it completely because those tender pieces look and feel more like a classic pot roast dinner. Spoon the beef into bowls or onto plates with plenty of potatoes, carrots, mushrooms, and onion, then ladle that thick gravy right over everything. This is the point where my family usually gets noticeably quieter for a few minutes, which I take as a very good review.